The vital principle, an enigma buried alive

Authors

  • Miguel Espinoza Université de Strasbourg

Abstract

The origin of the present reflection is to be found in the doctrine I call universal naturalism: everything that exists is natural whether or not it is described and explained satisfactorily by the natural sciences. Now it is well known that despite the progress of the positive and empirical sciences such as physics, chemistry and biology, we do not have a satisfactory explanation of what makes a living being precisely that, a living entity. It is therefore essential to re-examine the thesis of the vital principle, and I believe that contemporary science would honour itself by taking it up again in order to better understand the constitution and behaviour of living beings.

Keywords:

living being, vital principle, harmonic and causal vitalism, causality, hierarchical organisation

Author Biography

Miguel Espinoza, Université de Strasbourg

Université de Strasbourg, France
miguel.a.espinoza.v@gmail.com

References

Bernard, Claude (1865), Introduction à l’étude de la médecine expérimentale. París: J.B. Baillière et Fils.

Boussinesq, Jean (1878), Complément à un mémoire, publié en 1878, sur la conciliation du veritable déterminisme mécanique avec l’existence de la vie et de la liberté morale. París: Gauthier-Villars.

Canguilhem, George (1975), La connaissance de la vie. París: Vrin.

Cournot, Antoine-Augustin (1851), Essai sur les fondements de nos connaissances et sur les caractères de la critique philosophique. París: Hachette.

Espinoza, Miguel (2017), La matière éternelle et ses harmonies éphémères. París: L’Harmattan.

____ (2020), A Theory of Intelligibility. A Contribution to the Revival of the Philosophy of Nature, Toronto: Thombooks Press.

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1977), Teoría de la naturaleza. Madrid: Tecnos.

Janet, Paul (1876), Les causes finales. París: Librairie Germer Baillière .

Lalande, André (1972), Vocabulaire technique et critique de la philosophie. París: Presses Universitaires de France.

La Mettrie, Julien Offray de (1747), L’Homme machine, Leyde. LUGAR: Elie Luzac, Fils.

Largeault, Jean (1988), Principes classiques d’interprétation de la nature. París: Vrin.

Pattee, Howard H., ed. (1973), Hierarchy Theory. Nueva York: George Brazillier.

Sambursky, Samuel (1959), Physics of the Stoics. Nueva Jersey: Princeton UP.

____ (2011), El mundo físico de los griegos. Madrid: Alianza.

Santayana, George (1930), The Realm of Matter. Londres: Constable and Co.Thom, René (1977), Stabilité structurelle et morphogenèse. París: Inter Éditions.

Vogel, Théodore (1973), Pour une théorie mécaniste renouvelée. París: GauthierVillars.

Waddington, Conrad H. (1936), Nature. Nature Publishing Group.

____ (1962), The Nature of Life. Nueva York: Atheneum.

Waddington, Conrad H. y Otros (1976), Hacia una biología teórica. Madrid: Alianza.

Whitehead, Alfred N. (1929), Process and Reality. Nueva York: The Free Press.